What are synthetic materials commonly referred to as?

Synthetic materials are commonly referred to as plastics because they are primarily composed of polymers, which are large molecules made up of repeated subunits known as monomers. These polymers are typically derived from petrochemicals, making plastics a significant category of synthetic materials. The term "plastic" encompasses a wide range of materials that can be molded or shaped under heat and pressure, making them versatile for various applications, from packaging to automotive components.

This classification emphasizes not only the synthetic origin of these materials but also their properties and usability, which differ significantly from organic compounds, biomaterials, and natural fibers. Organic compounds are largely derived from living matter, biomaterials are typically designed for use in medical applications and can be natural or synthetic, and natural fibers, such as cotton or wool, come from plants or animals and are not synthetic. Recognizing plastics as synthetic materials is essential in engineering and design, as it allows for understanding their processing, recycling, and impact on the environment.