What does the vulcanisation process primarily achieve in rubber?

The vulcanisation process plays a crucial role in transforming raw rubber into a more useful material by introducing sulfur cross-links between rubber polymer chains. This chemical process significantly improves the elasticity and durability of rubber. As the rubber is heated with sulfur, the molecular structure of the material is altered, leading to increased strength, resilience, and ability to withstand a wide range of temperatures and environmental conditions.

The enhanced elasticity allows rubber to stretch and return to its original shape without permanent deformities. Additionally, the durability aspect ensures that the rubber can resist wear and tear, making it suitable for various applications, including tires, seals, and gaskets. This process ultimately produces rubber with superior performance characteristics compared to untreated rubber, making it an essential step in rubber manufacturing.