What methods are used for cleaning surfaces before adhesive bonding?

Cleaning surfaces before adhesive bonding is crucial to ensure that the adhesive properly adheres and that there is no contamination that could compromise the bond strength. Abrasive materials and acid-based solutions effectively prepare surfaces by removing contaminants such as oils, dust, corrosion, and oxides that may interfere with the bonding process.

Abrasive materials are used to mechanically clean surfaces by scrubbing or sanding, eliminating stubborn residues and providing a rougher surface texture which can enhance adhesive bonding. Acid-based solutions can further remove any chemical layers or oxides present, ensuring a clean substrate that allows for optimal adhesion. Combining these methods can be particularly effective in scenarios where simple solvent cleaning might not suffice.

Other methods listed, such as solvent cleaners, while useful, do not necessarily provide the thorough cleaning required when adhesive performance is critical. Additionally, methods like shot-blasting and air-drying techniques can serve specific purposes in surface preparation, but they may not be comprehensive enough on their own to ensure the surface is adequately cleaned for adhesive bonding.