What type of resin is created from phenol and formaldehyde through condensation polymerisation?

Phenol-formaldehyde resin is synthesized through a process known as condensation polymerization, where phenol reacts with formaldehyde under heat and in the presence of a catalyst. This reaction leads to the formation of a thermosetting plastic that exhibits properties such as high strength, resistance to heat, and excellent adhesive qualities.

Phenol-formaldehyde resin is widely used in various applications, including wood adhesives, molding compounds, and coatings, due to its durability and resistance to chemicals. The specific naming of this resin highlights its composition, differentiating it from other types of resins, such as epoxy and polyester, which are derived from different monomeric structures and polymerization processes.

In contrast, epoxy resins are typically formed from the reaction of epoxide compounds with curing agents; polyester resins are created from a reaction between alcohols and acids; and PVA resin is a polyvinyl acetate emulsified polymer, which is unrelated to the phenol-formaldehyde reaction. Therefore, the correct identification of this resin type underscores its unique synthesis pathway and structural characteristics.