Which component in Manual Metal Arc Welding is used to shield the weld pool?

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In Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW), the component that shields the weld pool is the electrode. When the electrode is consumed during the welding process, it melts and produces a protective layer of slag that covers the molten weld pool. This slag acts as a barrier, protecting the pool from atmospheric contamination, such as oxygen and nitrogen, which can lead to defects in the weld if allowed to react with the molten metal.

The electrode not only provides the filler material necessary for the weld but also generates heat and the necessary shielding environment as it melts. In combination with the heat generated by the arc, it creates a suitable atmosphere for the welding process, ensuring the integrity of the weld.

In contrast, options such as gas shield and filler rod do not apply directly in the context of MMAW, as this method relies primarily on the flux created by the electrode for shielding rather than external gas. A welding helmet primarily serves to protect the welder's face and eyes from intense light and spatter rather than shielding the weld pool itself.

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