Which of the following describes mechanical joining methods?

Mechanical joining methods involve the use of physical fasteners or techniques to connect parts without altering their material properties through thermal or chemical means. This category includes techniques such as using rivets, screws, bolts, and folded sheet metal, which create a secure connection primarily through physical means rather than altering the material at a molecular level.

The reliance on physical interlocking or fastening mechanisms distinguishes these methods from other forms of joining, such as welding, which involves significant heat treatment, or adhesive bonding, which relies on liquid adhesives. This capacity to join materials without chemical changes or heat application emphasizes the significance of mechanical methods in engineering applications, where maintaining the integrity of the materials is critical.

Thus, the description of mechanical joining methods aligns closely with the mention of techniques like rivets and folded sheet metal, showcasing the characteristics of these joining methods in a practical context.