Which type of storage allows data to be accessed at random anywhere within the medium?

Random Access Memory (RAM) allows data to be accessed at random from any location within the medium, which is a crucial feature for efficient computing. This characteristic enables the CPU to quickly read from and write to any storage location in memory without having to follow a sequential order. As a result, RAM plays a vital role in overall system performance, especially for running applications and processing tasks that require immediate access to data.

In contrast, Sequential Access Memory refers to storage devices that require reading data in a specific order, making data retrieval slower. Read-Only Memory (ROM) is another type of storage that typically holds permanent data and is not designed for dynamic access or modification. Direct Access Storage refers to devices such as hard drives or flash drives, which allow for random access, but the term is less specific and not as commonly associated with the context of volatile memory where RAM operates. Therefore, RAM stands out as the correct choice due to its primary function and usage in random access data operations.